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2009年浙江省特岗教师考试中学英语真题
时间:2013-05-08
来源：特岗教师考试网 浏览次数：81
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第一部分英语专业基础知识1．完形填空／Close(20分)阅读下列短文，掌握其大意，然后从每小题所给的四个选项A、B、C、D中．选出最
第一部分英语专业基础知识
1．完形填空／Close(20分)阅读下列短文，掌握其大意，然后从每小题所给的四个选项A、B、C、D中．选出最佳选项。
From childhood to old age, we all use language as a means of broadening our knowledge of ourselves and the world about us. When humans first 1 , they were like newborn children, unable to use this 2 tool. Yet once language developed, the possibilities for humankind' s future 3 and cultural growth increased. Many linguists believe that evolution is 4 for our ability to produce and use language. They 5 thatour highly evolved brain provides us 6 an innate language ability not found in lower 7 . Proponents of this innateness theory say that our 8 for language is inborn, but that language itself develops gradually, 9 a function of the growth of the brain during childhood. Therefore, there are critical 10 times for language development.
Current 11 of the innateness theory are mixed; however, evidence supporting the existence of some innate abilities is undeniable. 12 , more and more schools are discovering that foreign languages are best taught in 13 grades. Young children often can learn several languages by being 14 to them, while adults have a much harder time learning another language once the 15 of their first language have become firmly fixed.
16 some aspects of language are undeniably innate, language does not develop automatically in a vacuum. Children who have been 17 from other human beings do not possess language. This demonstrates that 18 with other human beings is necessary for proper language development. Some linguists believe that this is even more basic to human language 19 than any innate capacities. These theorists view language as imitative, learned behavior. 20 , children learn language from their parents by imitating them. Parents gradually shape their child' s language skills by positively reinforcing precise imitations and negatively reinforcing imprecise ones.
1. A. generated
B. evolved
C. born
D. originated
2. A. valuable
B. appropriate
C. convenient
D. favorite
3. A. attainments
B. feasibility
C. entertainments
D. evolution
4. A. essential
B. available
C. reliable
D. responsible
5. A. confirm
B. inform
C. claim
D. convince
6. A. for
B. from
C. of
D. with
7. A. organizations
B. organisms
C. humans
D. children
8. A. potential
B. performance
C. preference
D. passion
9. A. as
B. just as
C. like
D. unlike
10. A. ideological
B. biological
C. social
D. psychological
11. A. reviews
B. reference
C. reaction
D. recommendation
12. A. In a word
B. In a sense
C. Indeed
D. In other words
13. A. various
B. different
C. the higher
D. the lower
14. A. revealed
B. exposed
C. engaged
D. involved
15. A. regulations
B. formations
C. rules
D. constitutions
16. A. Although
B. Whether
C. Since
D. When
17. A. distinguished
B. different
C. protected
D. isolated
18. A. exposition
B. comparison
C. contrast
D. interaction
19. A. acquisition
B. appreciation
C. requirement
D. alternative
20. A. As a result
B. After all
C. In other words
D. Above all
Ⅱ. 阅读理解/Reading comprehension (50分)
A
From the health point of view we are living in a marvelous age. We are immunized from birth against many of the most dangerous diseases. A large number of once fatal illnesses can now becured by modern drugs and surgery. It is almost certain that one day remedies will be found for the most stubborn remaining diseases, The expectation of life has increased enormously. But though the possibility of living a long and happy life is greater than ever before, every day we witness the incredible slaughter of men, women and children on the roads. Man versus the motor ear! It is a never-ending battle which man is losing Thousands of people over the world are killed or horribly killed each year and we are quietly sitting back and letting it happen.
It has been rightly said that when a man is sitting behind a steering wheel, his car becomes the extension of his personality. There is no doubt that the motor car often brings out a man’s very worst qualities. People who are normally quiet and pleasant may become unrecognizable when they are be-hind a steering-wheel. They swear, they are ill-mannered and aggressive, willful as two-year-olds
and utterly selfish. All their hidden frustrations, disappointments and jealousies seem to be brought to the surface by the act of driving.
The surprising thing is that society smiles so benignly on the motorist and seems to condone his behaviour. Everything is done for his convenience. Cities are allowed to become almost uninhabitable because of heavy traffic; towns are made ugly by huge car parks; the countryside is desecrated by road networks; and the mass annual slaughter becomes nothing more than a statistic, to be conveniently forgotten.
It is high time a world code were created to reduce this senseless waste of human life. With regard to driving, the laws of some countries are notoriously lax and even the strictest are not strict enough. A code which was universally accepted could only have a dramatically beneficial effect on the accident rate. Here are a few examples of some of the things that might be done. The driving test should be standardized and made far more difficult than it is; all the drivers should be made to take a test every three years or so; the age at which young people are allowed to drive any vehicle should be raised to at least 21 ; all vehicles should be put through stringent annual tests for safety. Even the smallest amount of alcohol in the blood can impair a person' s driving ability. Present drinking and driving laws (where they exist) should be mad much stricter. Maximum and minimum speed limits should be imposed on all roads. Governments should lay down safety specifications for manufacturers, as has been done in the USA. All advertising stressing power and performance should be banned. These measures may sound inordinately harsh. But surely nothing should be considered as severe if it results in reducing the annual toll of human life. After all, the world is for human beings, not motor cars.
21. The main idea of this passage is that__________
A. traffic accidents are mainly caused by motorists
B. thousands of people over the world are killed each year
C. the laws of some countries about driving are too lax
D. only stricter traffic laws can prevent accidents
22. What does the author think of society toward motorists?
A. Society smiles on the motorists.
B. Huge car parks are built in cities and towns.
C. Victims of accidents are nothing.
D. Society' condones their rude driving.
23. Why does the author say that his car becomes the extension of his personality?
A. Driving can show his real self.
B. Driving can show the other part of his personality.
C. Driving can bring out his character.
D. His carembodies his temper.
24. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a way against traffic accidents?
A. Build more highways.
B. Conduct stricter driving tests.
C. Test drivers every three years.
D. Raise the age limit and lay down safety specifications.
25. The attitude of the author is __________.
A. ironical
B. critical
C. appealing
D. militant
B
Today there are policemen everywhere, but in 1700, London had no policemen at all. A few old men used to protect the city streets at night and they were not paid.
About 300 years ago, London was starting to get bigger and more and more people began to live there. The city was very dirty and many people were poor. There were so many thieves who stole money in the streets that people stayed in their homes as much as possible.
In 1750, Henry Fielding started to pay a group of people to stop thieves. They were like policemen and were called "Bow Street Runners" because they worked near Bow Street.
Fifty years later, there were 120 "Bow Street Runners", but London had become very big and needed more policemen. So in 1829, the first Metropolitan (or London)Police Force was started with 3,000 officers. Most of the men worked on foot, but a few rode horses. Until 1920 all the police in London were men.
Today. the London police are quite well paid and for the few police officers who still ride horses, the pay is even better than for the others.
26. In 1700, the men who protected the streets were paid __________.
A. a few
B. nothing
C. a little
D. a lot
27. About 300 years ago, many people __________.
A. wanted to leave London
B. had big houses in London
C. became policemen
D. came to live in London
28. People didn't leave their houses because __________.
A. they had no money
B. they were afraid of losing money
C. the city was not clean
D. they liked homes
29. The “Bow Street Runners” __________.
A. stopped people stealing
B. stole money
C. paid people for them to steal
D. stopped people riding horses
30. Today, London police officers who ride horses are paid __________.
A. the same as their Workmates
B. more than their workmates
C. half as much as their workmates
D. less than their workmates
C
The police fired tear gas and arrested more than 5,000 passively resisting protestors Friday in an attempt to break up the largest antinuclear demonstration ever staged in the United States. More than 135,000 demonstrators confronted the police on the construction site of a 1,000-megawatt nuclear power plant scheduled to provide power to most of southern New Hampshire. Organizers of the huge demonstration said that the protest was continuing despite the police actions. More demonstrators were arriving to keep up the pressure on state authorities to cancel the project. The demonstrator had charged that the project was unsafe in the densely populated area, would create thermal pollution in the bay, and had no acceptable means for disposing of its radioactive wasters. The demonstrations would go on until the jails and the courts were so overloaded that the state judicial system would collapse.
Governor Stanforth Thumper insisted that there would be no reconsideration of the power project and no delay in its construction set for completion in three years. “This project will begin on time and the people of this state will begin to receive its benefits on schedule. Those who break the law in misguided attempts to sabotage the project will be dealt with according to the law,” he said. And the police called in reinforcements from all over the state to handle the disturbances.
The protests began before dawn Friday when several thousand demonstrators broke through the police lines around the cordoned-off construction site. They carried placards that read “No Nukes is Good Nukes,” “Sunpower, Not Nuclear Power,” and “Stop Private Profits from Public Peril.” They defied police order to move from the area. Tear gas canisters fired by the police failed to dislodge the protestors who had been prepared with their own gas masks or facecloths. Finally the gas-masked and helmeted police charged into the crowd to drag off the demonstrators one by one. The protestors did not resist the police, but refused to walk away under their own power. Those arrested would be charged with unlawful assembly, trespassing, and disturbing the peace.
31. What were the demonstrators protesting about?
A. Private profits.
B. The nuclear power station.
C. The project of nuclear power construction.
D. Public peril.
32. Who had gas masks?
A. Everybody.
B. A part of the protestors.
C. The policemen.
D. Both B and C.
33. Which of the following was NOT mentioned as a reason for the demonstration?
A. Public transportation.
B. Public peril.
C. Pollution.
D. Disposal of wastes.
34. With whom were the jails and courts overloaded?
A. Prisoners.
B. Arrested demonstrators.
C. Criminals.
D. Protestors.
35. What is the attitude of Governor Stanforth Thumper toward the power project and the demonstration?
A. Stubborn.
B. Insistent.
C. Insolvable.
D. Remissible.
D
How should one invest a sum of money in these days of inflation (通货膨胀) ? Left in a bank it will hardly keep its value, however high the interest rate is. Only a brave man, or a very rich one，dares to buy and sell on the Stock Market. Today it seems that one of the best ways to protect your savings, and even increase your wealth is to buy beautiful objects from the past. Here I am going to offer some advice on collecting antique clocks, which I personally consider are among the most interesting of antiques.
I sometimes wonder what a being from another planet might report back about our way of life.“The planet Earth is ruled by a mysterious creature that sits or stands in a room and makes a strange ticking sound. It has a face with twelve black marks and two hands. Men can do nothing without its permission, and it fastens its young round people's wrists so that everywhere men go they are still under its control. This creature is the real master of Earth and men are its slaves.”
Whether or not we are slaves of time today depends on our culture and personality, but it is believed that many years ago kings kept special slaves to tell the time. Certain men were very clever at measuring the time of day according to the beating of their own hearts. They were made to stand in a fixed place and every hour or so would shout the time. So it seems that the first clocks were human beings.
However, men quickly found more convenient and reliable ways of telling the time. They learned to use the shadows cast by the sun. They marked the hours on candles, used sand in hour-glasses, and invented water-clocks. Indeed, any serious student of antiques should spend as much time as possible visiting palaces, stately homes and museums to see some of the finest examples of clocks from the past.
Antique clocks could be very expensive, but one of the joys of collecting clocks is that it is still possible to find quite cheap ones for your own home. After all, if you are going to be ruled by the time, why not invest in air antique clock and perhaps make a future profit?
36. According to the passage, collecting antique clocks __________.
A. can hardly keep the value of your savings
B. will cost much of your money
C. may increase your wealth
D. needs your bravery
37. By quoting (引用) the remark of a being from another planet, the author intends to __________.
A. suggest human beings are controlled by a clock
B. describe why clocks can rule the planet Earth
C. tell readers what clocks look like
D. compare clicks to human beings
35. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a way to measure the time?
A. Counting the beating of one's own heart.
B. Making use of candles, sand and water.
C. Observing shadows cast by the sun.
D. Keeping slaves busy day and night.
39. The underlined phrase “stately homes” in Paragraph 4 means __________.
A. state-owned houses
B. houses in very good condition
C. grand houses open to the public
D. houses where statesmen meet regularly
40. The purpose of the passage is __________.
A. to introduce the culture of antique clocks
B. to offer some advice on collecting antique clocks
C. to compare different ways to make a future profit
D. to tell people that we are the slaves of clocks
E
I am Sergey Brin! I was born in Moscow. In 1979, when I was 5, my family immigrated to the U. S. A. , California. I remember that on my 9th birthday I got my first computer “Commodore 64”.
Later I graduated with honors in the University of Maryland in Mathematics and IT. The main field of my science research was the technologies used to collect data from unsystematic sources as well as large quantities of texts and science data. I was the author of dozens of articles in leading American academic magazines.
The greatest event in my life happened when in 1998 I was preparing for the defense(论文答辩) of my Doctor's degree in Stanford University. There the fate made me meet Larry Page--a young computer genius. Larry belonged to the intellectual(知识分子) society. Larry and I quickly became friends when we worked together.
We were searching day and night on the Internet. We were finding a lot of information but with the feeling we still couldn't find enough of what we were looking for. Naturally the idea for a search engine that would allow specific .information to be found in the endless pool of data was born like it came to us. It wasn't our plans but we gave up the education at the university. You know the next part, maybe--we managed to turn an ordinary garage in Meplo Park, California, the U. S. A. into our first office, in which Google was born. With excitement we typed the name of the thing which we created with love on September 14th, 1998--www. Google. com. Now, after those years we bought this garage. As a symbol it will always remind us that everything is possible.
41. Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?
A. The Birth of Google.
B. The Founder of Google.
C. The Importance of Cooperation.
D. The Great Contribution to the Internet.
42. Sergey Brin actually graduated from __________.
A. the University of Moscow
B. the University of California
C. the University of Maryland
D. Stanford University
43. From the passage we know that Larry Page __________.
A. was born into a rich merchant family
B. was once a student in Stanford University
C. published some academic articles when young
D. was Brin's important partner in starting Google
44. Why did they found Google?
A. Because they loved working with the Internet so much.
B. Because they wanted to make a lot of money through the Internet.
C. Because they hoped to make it easier to find specific information online.
D. Because they believed everything is possible.
45. Which is the right order of what happened?
a. My family moved from Russia to the U. S. A.
b. I met Larry Page.
c. I was given a computer as a present on my 9th birthday.
d. Google was born in an ordinary garage in California.
e. I graduated from the university in Mathematics and IT.
A. a-c-e-b-d
B. c-a-b-e-d
C. a-c-b-d-e
D. c-b-a-e-d
Ⅲ.英汉翻译/Translation(15分)
46. A fool takes in all the lumber of every sort that he comes across, so that the knowledge which might be useful to him gets crowded out, or at best jumbled up with a lot of other things, so that he has difficulty in laying his hand upon it.
_______________________________________________________________________________
47. Its somewhat ambitious title was "The Book of Life", and it attempted to show how much an observant man might learn by an accurate and systematic examination of all that came in his way.
_______________________________________________________________________________
48. So startling would his results appear to the uninitiate that until they learned the processes by which he had arrived at them they might well consider him as a necromancer.
_______________________________________________________________________________
49. Some advanced materials are an old standard with a new twist. The newest fiberoptic cables that carry telephone calls cross-country are made of glass so transparent that a piece of 100 miles thick is clearer than a standard window pane.
_______________________________________________________________________________
50. Growing numbers of scientists therefore see Antarctica as a distant early warning sensor, where potentially dangerous global trends may be spotted before they show up to the north.
_______________________________________________________________________________
论述题(15分)
新课标下的学科考试同样要有新的理念。请你就改进英语考试方式和方法提出建议。
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